Effect of Combined Treatment of Levofloxacin and Metformin on the Diabetes Related Behavioral and Biochemical Alterations

INTRODUCTION: The fluoroquinolones drugs (FQs) are commonly used to treat a variety of illnesses and have the pharmacokinetic advantages, good penetration and high oral bioavailability. However, FQs are associated with the increased incidence of tendon rupture, peripheral neuropathy, and fluoroquinolone-associated aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection.
METHODS: In this study, wistar rats have been used. After receiving a single dose of STZ+NAD (45 mg/kg, i.p.+ 50 mg/kg, i.p.), the rats developed diabetes. Glucose -levels in diabetic rats exceed 200 mg/dl (verified on the third day). Saline was administered to non-diabetic rats (controls). The diabetic rats were given alone metformin (50 mg/kg, p.o.), levofloxacin (30 mg/kg, i.p.), or metformin + levofloxacin for fourteen days. The blood sample was obtained after the 14th day of therapy, and the rats were given to behavioral parameter to determine locomotor-activity and anxiousness level. Blood plasma sample has been separately and used for determination of nitrite and malondi-aldehyde (MDA) level.
RESULTS: combined treatment of metformin and levofloxacin significant rise glucose in blood of diabetic rats as compares to diabetic control (P < 0.05) and alone metformin treated diabetic rats (P < 0.001) at day-3 and day-7. Further, combined treatment of metformin and levofloxacin significantly reduce time spend at center of OFT (P < 0.001), significantly reduce time spend and entry made in light chamber of LDT (P < 0.001), significantly rise time spend in open arm and reduce the time spent in closed arm of EPM (P < 0.001) as compare to alone metformin treated diabetic rats. Further, combined treatment of metformin and levofloxacin significant increase nitrite level, (P < 0.001) but reduce the MDA level in plasma as compare to metformin alone treated-diabetic rats (P < 0.001).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the present study suggested the combined treatments of levofloxacin and metformin may modulate the glucose level and anxiety-related activity.