Evaluation of the Effects of Anesthetics and Surgery on Sleep Quality in Patients Undergoing Posterior Spinal Instrumentation Surgery

INTRODUCTION: The aim of the study is to evaluate the impact of the anesthesia methods and surgical procedure on the sleep patterns and sleep quality of patients undergoing posterior spinal instrumentation using the Pittsburgh Insomnia Rating Scale-20 (PIRS-20).
METHODS: A total of 40 patients ASA (American Society of Anesthesiology) I–III aged 18 and over who underwent elective spinal posterior instrumentation were included. The patients were divided into two groups randomly – those with sevoflurane anesthesia and those with total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) – using the closed envelope method. Patients were evaluated before and after the surgery with the PIRS-20 (one month before surgery and 7th day postoperatively) for sleep quality, VAS (Visual Analogue Scale; recorded one night before surgery and first hour postoperatively), pain, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) for anxiety (recorded one night before surgery and 7th day postoperatively) scores.
RESULTS: When pre-operative and postoperative PIRS-20, VAS, and STAI scores were compared, no significant difference was observed between Group T and Group S (p > 0.05). The VAS values in Group S and Group T decreased significantly over time (p < 0.001, p = 0.001, respectively). The STAI scores decreased significantly over time (p = 0.001, p = 0.001, respectively). The PIRS-20 values remained unchanged in Groups S and T (p = 0.132, p = 0.828, respectively).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The results of the study showed that, while the type of anesthesia did not affect the quality of sleep in the group of patients receiving posterior instrumentation, the surgical procedure did affect pain reduction in both anesthesia methods.